A bar chart illustrating the mean number of convictions per percentile for violent offenders, categorizing them into high, medium, and low persistence groups, with a highlight on the top 1% accounting for 63% of violent crime convictions.

Bar chart showing violent crime convictions by offender persistence group, highlighting that 1% of the population accounts for 63% of convictions.

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol (2014) 49:559–571 Mean number of convictions/percentile in offender group. Mean number of convictions/percentile 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 High-persistence-group 0.1% of the total population Medium-persistence-group 0.9% of the total population Low-persistence-group 2.9% of the total population One percent of the total population Accounts for 63% of all violent crime convictions 11 3 1 3 10 20 26 30 40 50// 100 All violent offenders 1973 to 2004, presented in percentiles